Izindaba

Isingeniso kukhonkolo oqinisiwe

Isimo sokuthuthukiswa kwezakhiwo zikakhonkolo eziqinisiwe

Njengamanje, ukhonkolo oqinisiwe yifomu yokwakheka esetshenziswa kakhulu eChina, elibala inani eliphelele lenani. Ngasikhathi sinye, futhi iyindawo enezakhi zikakhonkolo eziqiniswe kakhulu emhlabeni. Ukukhishwa kukasimende wayo omkhulu wento eluhlaza kufinyelele kumathani ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.882 ngo-2010, okubalwa cishe ngama-70% omkhiqizo ophelele emhlabeni.

Isimiso sokusebenza sikakhonkolo oqinisiwe

Isizathu sokuthi ukhonkolo oqinisiwe ungasebenza ndawonye sinqunywa yizinto zawo ezibonakalayo. Okokuqala, imigoqo yensimbi kanye nokhonkolo cishe banenani lokulingana elifanayo lokunwetshwa okushisayo, futhi ukwahlukaniswa phakathi kwemigoqo yensimbi nokhonkolo kuncane kakhulu ezingeni lokushisa elifanayo. Okwesibili, lapho ukhonkolo uqina, kuba nokuhlangana okuhle phakathi kukasimende kanye nendawo yokuqinisa, ukuze noma yikuphi ukucindezeleka kudluliswe ngempumelelo phakathi kwabo; Ngokuvamile, ingaphezulu lokuqiniswa liphinde licutshungulwe libe izimbambo lukathayela ezimahaba futhi ezihlukanisiwe (ezibizwa ngokuthi i-rebar) ukuqhubekisela phambili ukwenza ngcono isibopho phakathi kokhonkolo nokuqinisa; Lapho lokhu kunganele ngokwanele ukudlulisa ukungezwani phakathi kokuqiniswa nosimende, ukuphela kokuqiniswa kuvame ukugoba ama-degree ayi-180. Okwesithathu, izinto ezinama-alkaline kusimende, njenge-calcium hydroxide, i-potassium hydroxide ne-sodium hydroxide, zinikela ngemvelo ene-alkaline, eyakha ifilimu yokuvikela ebusweni bokuqina, ngakho-ke kunzima kakhulu ukonakalisa kunokuqinisa endaweni engathathi hlangothi ne-asidi. Ngokuvamile, imvelo enenani le-pH ngenhla kwe-11 ingavikela ngempumelelo ukuqiniswa kokugqwala; Lapho ivezwa emoyeni, inani le-pH likakhonkolo oqinisiwe lincipha kancane ngenxa ye-acidification yesikhutha. Lapho ingaphansi kuka-10, ukuqiniswa kuzokonakala. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ubukhulu besendlalelo esivikelayo ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwephrojekthi.

Ukucaciswa nohlobo lokuqiniswa okukhethiwe

Okuqukethwe kokuqiniswa okugcizelelwe kukhonkolo oqinisiwe kuvame ukuba kuncane, kusuka ku-1% (ikakhulukazi emishayweni nakuma-slabs) kuye ku-6% (ikakhulukazi kumakholomu). Isigaba sokuqinisa siyisiyingi. Ububanzi bokuqiniswa e-United States bukhuphuka busuka ku-0.25 kuye ku-1 intshi, bukhula ngo-1/8 intshi ebangeni ngalinye; EYurophu, kusuka ku-8 kuye ku-30 ​​mm, kukhula ngo-2 mm esigabeni ngasinye; Izwe laseShayina lihlukaniswe izingxenye ezingu-19 kusuka kumamilimitha amathathu kuya kwayi-40. E-United States, ngokusho kokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ekuqiniseni, ihlukaniswe ngensimbi engama-40 nensimbi engama-60. Lesi sakamuva sinokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni okuphezulu, amandla aphezulu nokuqina, kepha kunzima ukugoba. Emvelweni okonakalisayo, imigoqo yensimbi eyenziwe nge-electroplating, i-epoxy resin nensimbi engenasici nayo iyasetshenziswa.


Isikhathi Iposi: Aug-10-2021